Answers to The test Questions 习题答案（第二篇）

Ⅰ.true-false Questions(是非题)
1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T
6. F 7. T 8. F 9. F 10. T
11. F 12. T 13. T 14. F 15. T
16. T 17. F 18. T 19. F 20. T
21. F 22. T 23. T 24. F 25. F
26. T 27. F 28. T 29. T 30. F
Ⅱ.Multiple-choice Questions( 选择题)
1． C 2． B 3． D 4． A
5． B 6． D 7． B 8． D
9． C 10． B 11． C 12． D
13． D 14． B 15． A 16． D
17． D 18． C 19． D 20． C
21． A 22． C 23． B 24． A
Ⅲ.Filling-blank Questions (填空题)
1． hot dipping, electrolytic process, electroplating process
2． passivated steel, chrome-coated steel, aluminium-coated steel;
3． to avoid contamination, to protect metal form corrosion.
4． labeled, lithographed
5． a slitter, sheet metal, strips, body blanks, a body maker
6． lead(Pt),tin(Sn),silver(Ag),antimony(Sb)
7． a vertical flange folded over a flat board cover, a horizontal flange with a cover heat sealed, a horizontal flange with a hook cover.
8． acids, cost, alkalies.
9． Drawing and Ironed, Drawing and redrawing
10． gaseous propellant, liquid propellant, liquid product
11． Covering the surface, electro-chemical action, alloy with iron compounds
12． Amount of working
13． Hot dipping for drums and pails, vapor coating for cans
14． Control dispensed amount easily, have a good reclosure, minimum risk of contamination , unbreakable and light in weight smooth surface with easy decoration.
15． Presses, impact extrusion
16． Tight-head, open-head.
Ⅳ.Short-Answer Questions(问答题）
1.(1)The three-piece cans are generally consist of three parts:top,body and bottom;
　 (2)The can body always could be made by welding or cementing beside cold forming process;
　 (3)The sealing parts between can body and cover or bottom always are double seams or seven-layer seams(large metal containers);
　 (4)It is often necessary to need coatings of inside and outside of the metal coutainers.
2.(1)The two-piece cans are consist of two parts:top,and part of body and bottom;
　 (2)The part of body and bottom forms into one that could be fabricated by cold forming process,and there is not any seams in the body;
　 (3)The double seams structure is also necessary in the connection of body and cover or bottoms;
　 (4)This kind of cans need good ductile metal material to be manufactured.
3.(1)body blank notched
　 (2)hooked blank
　 (3)formed body
　 (4)side seam
　 (5)soldered side seam
　 (6)flanged body
　 (7)application of ends
　 (8)position for crimping
　 (9)completed double seam
　 (10)decoration
4.(1)The solder or cement material often include some substances that would be harmful to humam body,
　 (2)this kind of seams would influce the strength or other performances,
　 (3)the seam would be exposed , which would not be surely good apperance.
5.(1)in order to protect metal form the corrosion of packed products;
　 (2)at same time to keep product,especially food,from contamination;
　 (3)it is clear that the compatibility between product and can material should be existed.
6.(1)weight of two-piece can is light;
　 (2)good resistance to corrosion of air;
　 (3)bright surface and fine decoration;
　 (4)printing easily and better quality;
　 (5)could be easily recycled.
7.(1)in the D&RD process,the gauge of the bottom and side wall of the finished cintainer is essentially the same as the starting gauge,while in the D&I process,the situation is just different,the material would become thinner;
　 (2)They would use different king of dies and other equipments;
　 (3)The cost of a D&RD making line is much cheaper than that of a D&I making line.
8.(1)The stress on the side seam from the internal pressure will cause the solder to creep;
　 (2)the effect of the inner presure may be distortion of the can,especially in the dome section;
　 (3)Interior coating of the cans must withstand the action from propellant as wsll as product.
9.There has been continual gorwth for the tubes,until today nearly 2 billion tubes are produced each year.They have got a wide variety of applications:toothpaste,shaving cream,and cosmetics,medical products.A small percentage of them is used for food products.
10．(1)They control ammounts to be dispensed easily;
　　 (2)They have a good feature with reclosure;
　　 (3)The products have a minimum risk of contamination of the remaiders;
　　 (4)They are light in weight and have a smooth surfaces.
11．(1)The often used and most common materrials are tin, aluminum,and lend.
　　 (2)It is possible to laminate tin and lead to form a sandwich with lead in middle.
　　 (3)Alloys of tin lead can be used to reduce cost, but they should never be used with foods or medication.
12.It can be divied into three stages,They are
　　 (1)Impact estrusion of tube body;
　　 (2)Other operations including thread cutting,orifice reaming,lining and decorating;
　　 (3)filling procedure.
13.Generally, the manufactturing procedure of steel drum includs following steps:
　　 (1)punch and shear
　　 (2)bend and curling
　　 (3)electric welding
　　 (4)rolled flange
　　 (5)inner coating
　　 (6)five layer chime(double seam)
　　 (7)outside coating
14.It is important that lining materials should be properly cured.If they are undercured,they will not have the proper chemical resistance,and if they are over cured ,they tend to be brittle.Phenolics,vinyls and epoxies are mose often used as the lining materials in making steel drums,they have different performances which would be selceted according to the applications.
15．(1)Steet drums are made in tight-head and open-head styles,and third one may be middle-head style.
　　 (2)Many styles of pails are made, some with bails or handles,both straighe-sided and tapered,tight-and open-head,single-head and double-head,necked-in tap,and ducked-in bottom,etc.
16.The drawing blank can be divided into five areas according to its strain-stress conditions when the operation of frawing process is in under way.
17.It is evident that an attempt should be made to draw sheet metal into the die as much as possible.
Consequently,the other circumference of the blank reduces,causing a compressive hoop stress which,as exceeds a limit,may result in a plastic wrinkling the cup flange.
18.The difinition of the DF(drawing factor)means a ratio of the diameter of the cylindrical job after drawing operation and the blank original diameter before drawing operation.So it is obvious that the smaller the value of the DF,the larger the deformation of the drawing job.
19.The meaning of the limiting drawing factor(DF) is that it becomes a minimum value which would cause the job broken,and the limiting DF is an extrem parameter.So it is clear that if a DF is smaller than the limiting DF the job can not be formed through drawing operation once.Otherwise,the job should be finished by more than one time or n times,here,means drawing numbers(DN).
20．(1)The metal crystals are becoming finner and the strength stronger;
　　 (2)The brightness of the job surface formed by plastic deformation would be better;
　　 (3)It is obvious that the job material could be reduced bacause the job side wall would be thinner.
21.The structural parameters of the double seam includes mainly:
　　 (1)T-the thickness of a seam,
　　 (2)W-the width of a seam,
　　 (3)C-the countersink of a can cover,
　　 (4)BH-the height of a seam body hook
　　 (5)CH-the heighe of a seam cover hook
　　 (6)OL-the overlap length between internal BH and CH
　　 (7)Uc an Ue -the up an low clearancs of the CH and BH
22．(1)the double seam is a five-layer structure while the triple seam is a seven-layer one.
　　 (2)Generally the double seam could be formed by two-set press rollers, while the triple seam formed at least by three-set of press rollers,
　　 (3)The double seam usually is used in the metal cans and the containers with small volumes,while the triple seam usually is used in the metal drums and the containers with large volumes.
23.When the aerosol valve is opened by depressing the button on it ,the gas inside the container under the high pressure action makes the liquid product up the dip tube which goes from the valve down into the liquid ,and then out through nozzle of the valve,At last a small amount of liquid propellant will evaporate inside the container to take space of the liquid dispensed.
24．(1)The kind of mixture of propellant with product is a determing factor in the end result. If the two will not mix at all, but seperate into different layers,the pure product is then forced up the dip tube when is opened.
　　 (2)When the product is in a seperate from the propellant in this way,it is called a "three-phase system" including three parts ,i.e.gaseous propellant,liquid propellant and liquid product.
25．(1)Actuator orifice-it is used for forming the final product out of it.
　　 (2)Vapor tap- it is in fact a hole in the side of the value body which allows a small amount of propellant.This helps to break up the spray into a fine mist.
　　 (3)Body orifice-its important role is to restrict the prescribed amount of the product.
　　 (4)Stem orifice-it is opened or closed as the stem is moved down or returned the product in container would be past through the stem to outside of the container or not.
26．(1)They permit cintrolled dispensing the liquid products one their operation is very easy.
　　 (2)They can protect the contents in the container from any contamination and from oxidation by atmosphere.
　　 (3)The liquid product could be converted into many kinds of forms-spray,stream,drops or foam.
　　 (4)The size of the spray particles and the pattern of the spray can be changed to suit a particular purpose.
27．(1)The problem of the product formulation should be first considered;
　　 (2)The methods of application are included as a fine, coarse droplets,paste or foam.
　　 (3)The types of container are included as glass,aluminium,tinplate or plastics.
28.The typical aerosol value is generally consist of various parts:
　　 (1)actuator orifice
　　 (2)actuator
　　 (3)stem
　　 (4)seat
　　 (5)gasket
　　 (6)cup
　　 (7)vapor tap
　　 (8)body
　　 (9)tailpiece
　　 (10)dip tube
　　 (11)body orifice
　　 (12)spring
　　 (13)Stem orifice.

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